This class discusses the process of state formation, using the social and cultural developments of Mesoamerica as main example, paying attention to (a) current themes and practices (survey, excavation, analysis) in Mexican archaeology, and (b) methods how to uncover the meaning of archaeological images (iconography), including the interpretation of ancient Mexican pictorial writing, calendar system and related visual art. Introduction to the long-term research project of the department (field research in the State of Oaxaca Mexico). The archaeological data (momumental ceremonial centers with pyramids, plazas, ballcourts, tombs, carved stones, frescoes, goldwork, mosaics, painted books, etc.) are related to the early colonial chronicles and to the traditional worldview, mentality, costums, and techniques of present-day indigenous peoples.
Learning objectives
Ability to date and understand the most characteristic elements (sites, monuments and artefacts) of the Mesoamerican archaeological record;
Insight into the most characteristic elements of the Mesoamerican archaeological record and their place in the general archaeological themes of thes culture region;
Ability to research, analyze and discuss general archaeological themes of the culture region;
General understanding of the Mesoamerican calendar and chronology;
Insight into the principles and interdisciplinary methods of iconographic interpretation of the ancient visual art and writing systems
Method of instruction
Interactive class with assignments and reports (using blackboard).
Examination
Knowledge and insight will be tested through blackboard assignments and written examination at the end of each term, with open questions about the matters dealt with in class and discussed in the literature.
Required reading
Susan T. Evans, Ancient Mexico and Central America: Archaeology and Culture History. Thames and Hudson, New-York, 2004.
Bruce Trigger, Understanding Early Civilisations. Cambridge University Press, 2003.