Tags
WP
Admissions requirements
Introduction to International Relations and Diplomacy
Description
What is the nature of power in contemporary world politics? Who or what counts as ‘powerful’ in global affairs? Is the United States the sole superpower in the international system? If so, what are the sources of its power: its military might, economic prowess, or cultural attraction? If not, what other actors balance US power? Does the rise of the BRICS signify a global power shift? Would such a power transition stabilize or undercut world order? Or maybe power is not simply shifting; what if globalization is transforming the very nature of power itself?
As these questions illustrate, power is a key – many would argue, the key – concept in world politics. This certainly applies to the academic study of world politics, especially the discipline of International Relations (IR) where power has always been a fundamental category. Underlying many – though, by no means all – academic debates in IR is a rather simple view of power. Power is conceptualized as a possession or resource that states can mobilize to advance their interests. Often power is measured purely in terms of military resources and, ultimately, as the ability to wield military power to coerce and control others. This view comes close to Mao’s famous slogan: ‘Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun’.
Other schools of thought challenge such a mono-dimensional view of power, highlighting its shortcomings. For example, why is it that the militarily mighty often fail to get their way? During the Cold War, both superpowers suffered defeat at the hands of nominally weak opponents: the United States lost in Vietnam, the Soviet Union in Afghanistan. More recently, Western powers have neither won the peace in Iraq or Libya nor the ‘war on terrorism’.
This course introduces, surveys and critically examines the most important philosophies, theories and conceptions of power in world politics. As mentioned, different schools of thought disagree sharply on the nature of power in world politics, including on the sources of power, its effects on inter-state and transnational relations and its consequences for peace and security. Yet all of these schools offer thought-provoking perspectives on power and its relationship to connected phenomena, such as authority, hegemony, leadership and coercion. These perspectives can be turned into valuable tools with which we can analyse the various facets of power in world politics. In order to do so, we will cross disciplinary boundaries, linking political science, sociology and political philosophy. We will use concrete examples drawn from world politics past and present to illustrate the ways in which the complex phenomenon called ‘power’ operates in global affairs.
Course objectives
Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:
Analyze and critically assess competing conceptions of power in world politics.
Apply these conceptions to rigorously examine key aspects of world politics, including the sources, effects and durability of power hierarchies past and present.
Connect conceptions of power across disciplinary boundaries, thereby linking political science, sociology, and political philosophy.
Timetable
Once available, timetables will be published here.
Mode of instruction
The course is taught through two-hour seminars, using a mix of short lectures, group discussions and student presentations. During the course of the seminar, students are expected to consistently take part in seminar discussion by presenting and defending their ideas. The role of the course instructor is to ensure the efficient running of the discussion.
Assessment
15% class participation
15% individual or group presentation
30% essay 1
40% essay 2
Blackboard
There will be a Blackboard site available for this course. Students will be enrolled at least one week before the start of classes.
Reading list
While not mandatory, students are encouraged to purchase and read Hannah Arendt’s seminal essay On Violence.
Registration
This course is open to LUC students and LUC exchange students. Registration is coordinated by the Curriculum Coordinator. Interested non-LUC students should contact course.administration@luc.leidenuniv.nl.
Contact
Dr. Kai Hebel E-mail: k.r.hebel@luc.leidenuniv.nl
Remarks
For the first session, students are required to read the following article, which they should be prepared to summarise in class: Barry R. Posen, ‘Command of the Commons: The Military Foundation of U.S. Hegemony’, International Security, Vol. 28, No. 1 (Summer 2003), pp. 5-46. It is recommended, moreover, that students read Hannah Arendt’s essay, On Violence in advance.