Prospectus

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Diversity and Power

Course
2025-2026

Admission Requirements

This course is open to:

  • Students enrolled for the bachelor’s programme CADS

  • Premaster’s students who have completed the admission procedure for the CADS master’s programme and who have been formally admitted to the course as part of a premaster’s programme.

Please see the registration procedure below.

N.B. Completing this course is required to register for the third-year course Bachelor Thesis Project.

Language of Instruction

Lectures are given in English.
Exams (assignments) can be written in Dutch or English.

Course Description

This course aims to introduce students to the anthropology and sociology of diversity. The starting point is how anthropology has studied differences between human beings over the past two centuries, and the extent to which the humanist principle of equality has determined policies designed to manage such differences. This course therefore directs attention primarily to race, culture, nation, class, gender, and sexuality, although similar lessons can be applied to religion, ethnicity, age and disability. The anthropology of diversity begins with the observation that race, class and gender are, in the first instance, socio-cultural classifications, and that such categories connect power and diversity because they give shape to the infrastructures that make up societies – the division of labour and wealth between different classes of citizens and between social spheres such as government, the public, the economy, and the household.

The course starts with outlining the nature of social classification, and continues to discuss how classifications of difference between humans have been treated since the early nineteenth century as descriptions of biological differences. In the course of the twentieth century, such nature-based descriptions have been criticized, not least because of the introduction of the anthropological concept of culture – although the conception of both race and gender as socio-historical constructions did not become orthodox until the 1980s.

The course will then address the question of the social construction of human differences through the study of gender and sexuality, addressing how they relate to class and race, and why we need the notion of intersectionality to do so.

Finally, the third part of the course builds on the preceding insights in order to deal with how intersections of the classification of race, gender and class connect in constructing and intervening in power inequalities. We address the questions of how the notion of “diversity” was constructed, whether and how its promotion requires interventions such as creating equal employment opportunities or affirmative action, the need for ‘decolonization’. The course considers the possibilities and limitations of personal agency in the face of racist culture.

Course Objectives

  • This course teaches students that the anthropology of diversity begins with the particular classifications and categorizations of human differences used within specific societies, and that those categories can be studied not only as descriptions and definitions of those differences, but also as time-bound social and historical constructions and as interventions in social relations that institutionalize inequalities – and that each aspect might give those classifications different meanings.

  • Students develop tools to analyse and explain how people classify race and gender, how they use such classifications to construct and intervene in hierarchical social discrimination, and how similar analyses of social causes and effects can be applied to classifications of religion and ethnicity.

  • Students acquire intellectual familiarity with the genealogical and reflexive methods of ethnography used to study and understand the present-day concept of diversity– that is, the expertise that uncovers the socio-historical process expressed by local uses of “diversity” and that observes how it intervenes in situations in which the researcher participates.

Schedule

Dates and room numbers can be found on the website.

Mode of Instruction

Total 10 ECTS = 280 study hours (sbu):

  • Lectures 13×2 = 26 hours * 1,5 = 39 sbu

  • Literature (approximately 1,200 pages in total) = 206 sbu

  • Written assignments = 35 sbu

Assessment Method

Students will submit two types of assignment:

  1. Midterm exam. This is an open-book, on-campus exam based on essay-questions about the content of the course (50%).
  2. Final exam. This is an open-book, on-campus exam based on essay-questions about the content of the course (50%).

Only the final grade will be registered in uSis. A final pass mark is 6,0 and higher; 5,0 or lower is deemed inadequate. Final marks 5,0 and 6,0 between are never awarded. Only if the final mark is inadequate may the final exam be re-taken during the re-sit.

N.B. There is no re-take option for the first mid-term exam.

Registration in My Studymap

Registration for the lectures and exams in My Studymap is mandatory for all students. Registration closes 5 days before the start of the course. Carefully read all information about the procedures and deadlines for registering for courses and exams.

Brightspace

Brightspace is the digital learning environment of Leiden University. Brightspace gives access to course announcements and electronic study material. Assignments will also be submitted in Brightspace. Announcements about and changes to courses are given via Brightspace. Students are advised to check Brightspace daily to keep informed about rooms, schedules, deadlines, and all details regarding assignments. Lecturers assume that all students read information posted on Brightspace.

  • How to login

The homepage for Brightspace is: Brightspace

Please log in with your ULCN-account and personal password. On the left you will see an overview of My Courses.

For access to courses in Brightspace students must be registered for those courses in My Studymap.

Course Literature

The reading list will be available on Brightspace before the start of the course.

Contact

Dr. J. Rana